The synthesizer works by combining individual nucleotide building blocks in a specific order to form a polynucleotide chain. The nucleotides are added one at a time, with each addition requiring precise chemical reactions and purification steps. The fully automatic nucleic acid synthesizer automates these steps, allowing for rapid and efficient synthesis of nucleic acids.

The process typically begins with the attachment of the first nucleotide to a solid support, followed by the addition of subsequent nucleotides in the desired sequence. Each nucleotide is protected by a chemical group that prevents unwanted reactions, and these groups are removed as needed during the synthesis process.

Once the nucleic acid chain has been synthesized, it can be cleaved from the solid support and purified using a variety of techniques, such as HPLC or gel electrophoresis. The final product is a high-quality, synthetic nucleic acid that can be used for a wide range of applications in molecular biology and biotechnology.

These instruments are typically sophisticated and high-end laboratory equipment, and they are used by researchers in a variety of fields, including genetics, biotechnology, and biochemistry. They offer a range of benefits, including:

1. High-quality synthesis: Fully automatic nucleic acid synthesizers are designed to produce high-quality, synthetic nucleic acids with precise sequence control. This allows researchers to generate custom DNA or RNA sequences that can be used for a wide range of applications, from genetic engineering to sequencing.

2. Time-saving: The automation of the synthesis process eliminates the need for manual handling of reagents and reduces the time required for synthesis. This allows researchers to produce nucleic acids more quickly and efficiently, freeing up time for other experiments.

3. Customization: Fully automatic nucleic acid synthesizers allow researchers to customize the synthesis process to suit their needs. This includes the ability to choose the length and sequence of the nucleic acid, as well as the ability to incorporate modifications or labels into the sequence.

4. Reproducibility: The automated nature of the synthesis process ensures that nucleic acids are produced consistently from batch to batch, resulting in greater reproducibility and reliability of experimental results.

5. Cost-effective: While fully automatic nucleic acid synthesizers can be expensive, they offer a cost-effective solution for researchers who require high-quality synthetic nucleic acids on a regular basis. By eliminating the need for manual synthesis, these instruments can save time and money in the long run.

Fully automatic nucleic acid synthesizers are powerful tools for researchers who require high-quality synthetic nucleic acids for their experiments. They offer a range of benefits, including time-saving, customization, and reproducibility, and can be a cost-effective solution for labs that require frequent nucleic acid synthesis.